The association between seropositive individuals and risk factors (age and sex) was analyzed using the chi-square test. is essential to identify the risk elements for disease. Keywords: elephants, indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, latex agglutination check, BDNF recombinant GRA8 proteins, lysate antigens, serology, Thailand 1. Intro can be an obligate apicomplexan parasite that’s common generally in most warm-blooded pets broadly, including human beings [1,2]. The definitive hosts are crazy and home felids, which excrete solid oocysts within their feces [3] environmentally. Intermediate hosts are contaminated via the fecalCoral path through the ingestion of meals, water, or garden soil polluted with sporulated oocysts, by eating cells cysts, or by congenital transmitting [4]. sp. attacks have already been reported in both human beings and domestic pets in Thailand. The prevalence of anti-antibodies in Thai people can be 3.1C53.7% [5,6,7,8]. antibodies have already been detected in pet cats [9,10,11], canines [9,12], cattle [13,14,15], hens [16], and goats [17,18]. The seroprevalence in captive crazy felids in Thailand was reported as 15.4C42.8% [19,20]. Toxoplasmosis in herbivores including elephants may be due to ingesting drinking water or meals contaminated with sporulated oocysts. Furthermore, the contaminated herbivorous matter shows environmental contaminants with oocysts [21]. Chlamydia from the parasite in elephants may be used to monitor disease blood flow and infection dangers for human being or crazy populations. However, information regarding the prevalence of disease in Asian elephants (disease in human beings and pets [22]. Various methods have been used to display for particular antibodies against lysate antigens (TLAs) has been used to detect have been widely used for serodiagnosis of toxoplasmosis in various animal varieties [27]. Several target antigens of have been evaluated and applied in serological checks, such as the surface antigen, microneme antigen, rhoptry antigen, and dense granule antigen (GRA) checks. Antigens from your GRA group, such as GRA5, GRA6, GRA7, and GRA8, have demonstrated diagnostic potential for the serological detection of animal toxoplasmosis [27]. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of illness BIO-acetoxime in Asian elephants living in Thailand using a commercial test kit and compared the results with those acquired using indirect ELISA (iELISA) BIO-acetoxime based on TLA and a recombinant protein of dense granular antigen 8 (TgGRA8). 2. Results The seroprevalence of IgG antibodies BIO-acetoxime against in the elephants in various parts of Thailand is definitely presented in Table 1. Antibodies against were recognized in the sera of 121 (45.1%), 109 (40.7%), and 119 (44.4%) of 268 elephants by LAT, TLA-iELISA, and TgGRA8-iELISA, respectively. The antibody titers determined by LAT were 1:64, 1:128, 1:256, 1:512, 1:1024, and 1:2048 in 22, 36, 21, 27, 8, and 7 elephants, respectively. Significant variations were observed in the seroprevalence of among the age organizations. The prevalence of illness in elephants aged >40 years was significantly lower than that in those aged 21C40 years (= 0.002) and those aged 1C20 years (< 0.001). There was no significant association between sex and seroprevalence (Table 2). Table 1 Seroprevalence of antibody in Asian elephant sera by LAT, TLA-iELISA, and TgGRA8-iELISA. total lysate antigen; TgGRA8 = dense granular antigen 8. Table 2 Seroprevalence of antibody (LAT; titer 64) in Asian elephant sera by sex and age-group. antibodies in Asian elephants using LAT like a research test. in home and wild animals in Thailand has been investigated in the past [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20]. However, you will find few reports on illness in elephants. In this study, the seropositivity rate for in elephants in captivity was >40%, which was higher than previously reported seropositivity rates in Asian elephants in Thailand, which were reported as 13% [28] and 25.6% [29] by.